The invention discloses a preparation method for preparing the exchange membrane based on copolymer organic-inorganic hybrid anion. The preparation method is that a polymer that contains halogen methyl and alkoxy silicon group is firstly synthesized, the polymer is dissolved into the mixed solvent to form the solution, and is added or not added with small molecule alkoxy silane crosslinking agent to obtain the sol-gel precursor body which is added with tertiary amine, catalyst, water and ethanol for reacting under the magnetic stirring to obtain the sol-gel solution; the sol-gel solution after being concentrated is coated on the base to form the membrane; the membrane is dried and solidified to obtain the exchange membrane of organic-inorganic hybrid anion. The exchange membrane of organic-inorganic hybrid anion prepared by adopting the method of the invention has the advantages of high exchange capacity of ion, good mechanical property, excellent compatibility between inorganic silicon oxide component and organic component in the membrane, excellent heat stability, oxidation resistance, alkali resistance and high application potential to the battery of alkaline fuel.