The invention discloses a thermal resistance temperature-measuring circuit, which comprises a reference voltage supply, a 3-line heating resistance, a lead voltage drop amplifier, a basic operation amplifier, compensating resistances R4, R7, thermal resistance exciting voltage setting resistances R5, R6, an output-sensibility-setting resistance R3, and measuring-range-setting resistances R1, R2. By selecting the resistance value of the compensating resistances R4, R7 in a reasonable way, when the connection cables are of equal resistance, the output voltage of the circuit Vt and Rt have a fixed singular functional relationship, and they have nothing to do with the resistance of the connecting cable. After A/D conversion of Vt, a software calculates the resistance value Rt of the thermal resistance, and then calculates the temperature based on the known functional relationship between Rt and temperature t, the calculated value is just the measurement result. Therefore, for any Rt in the whole measuring range and for different cable lengths, the influence from the cable can be fully compensated. The circuit is of simple structure and wide measuring range. When using a high-accuracy A/D, different thermal resistances such as PT100, PT1000 and NTC30, etc. can be measued with the same circuit without using any wire jumper.