The invention relates to a machine for drilling coal core with wind and water fog in a coal bed, which includes a pneumatic drill, a drill shank, a drill stem and a drill end joint and is characterized in that: the other end of the drill end joint is connected with the outlet end of a water atomization device, the two inlet ends of the water atomization device are respectively connected with a pressure ventilation pipe and a water supply pipe; the front end of the drill stem is connected with a corer. The operation procedure of the machine is that: arrange holes, connect pipeline, drill the coal core, withdraw the drill and assess if the primitive character of the coal core meet the requirements of integrality, quality and rapidity. The core bit of the machine provided by the invention has good cooling property, the withdrawn coal core is integral and keeps the primitive character, which is especially suitable for the coring for determining the firedamp content of the soft coal bed. The method for drilling the coal core keeps the advantages of the coring with water and wind as media, which not only overcomes the defects of the coring method by removing slag with water as the medium but also overcomes the defects of coring with wind as the medium.