The present invention relates to a method which uses the infrared thermal imaging system for quantitative-detecting the heat conducting resistance/heat transfer coefficient of the building enclosure structure. The energized electric heating wire is used for identifying on the selected area of the surface of the enclosure structure; the electric thermoscope is used for measuring the temperature of the identified area; taking the picture of the identified area with the infrared thermal imaging system and the infrared thermal image atlas of the area is obtained, measuring the indoor and outdoor temperature with the electronic thermoscope and recording; executing analysis process to the infrared thermal image atlas with the image analyzing software of the infrared thermal imaging system to obtain the value of (1), substituting into the formula (2) and the average heat conducting resistance R0 of the building enclosure structure is obtained, and the average heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure is calculated with the formula (3). The invention has the advantages of flexible infrared thermal image shooting, low requirement to the experiment condition, quick testing, accurate data, overcoming the defect of big error when the data is tested with heat flow meter method and the requirement to the batch meter and insulating box in the hot box method.