The invention discloses a processing technology for preparing various pitches and fuel oils by coal tar, which comprises the steps that: the coal tar is heated to 350 DEG C to 360 DEG C, rectified at ordinary pressure first and then at reduced pressure, primarily ultracentrifugated and secondarily ultracentrifugated to respectively produce purified pitch, impregnating pitch, modified pitch, high softening point pitch and fuel oils. The invention has simple technology and convenient operation, can produce various high quality pitches and fuel oils and is characterized by less investment in devices and stable quality, thus better solving the problems of low general grade of pitches of China at present, unstable fraction of coal tar pitches and plenty of impurities and being quite applicableto the processing and producing of the coal tar.