The invention discloses a school bus with a seat back provided with security air cushions. Air cushions are respectively arranged on the seat backs of the school bus from the first row to the second row from the back, and the passengers seated in the back row are protected by using the air cushions. As the air cushions are arranged on the seat backs of the school bus, the phenomenon that the passages seated in the back row hit the seat backs due to inertia to cause a danger when an emergency brake happens to the vehicle or a traffic accident occurs can be avoided. The driver controls charging and deflating of the air cushions, and before the vehicle runs, the driver controls a gas pump to work to charge the gas in a gas storage tank into the air cushions; when the passengers arrive in the destination, the passengers get off the vehicle, and the driver controls the air discharging openings on the air cushions open to discharge the gas in the air cushions, so as to prevent the air cushions from aging.