The invention discloses a rare-earth doped glass ceramic which is sensitized by zinc oxide quantum dots, and a sol-gel preparation method thereof, and the glass ceramic relates to the field of luminescent materials. The glass ceramic comprises the following chemical components: xSiO2*yZnO*zRe2O3, wherein, x is equal to 20-100 mol percent; y is equal to (100-x-z) mol percent; z is equal to 0-20 mol percent; and Re refers to trivalent actinide rare-earth ions such as Er<3+>, Eu<3+>, Sm<3+>, Tm<3+>, Ho<3+> or Tb<3+>, and the like. The glass ceramic is prepared by adopting the sol-gel method. The zinc oxide semiconductor quantum dots have good sensibilization performance to the rare-earth ions, and the rare-earth luminescent properties can be effectively increased.