The invention relates to an oil field well workover treatment tool, in particular to hydraulic tongs capable of realizing the automatic loading/unloading of an oil pipe and a sucker rod. The hydraulic tongs comprise main tongs, back tongs, a high-low-speed gear shift mechanism and a connecting support. The back tongs are arranged on the connecting support; the main tongs are positioned above the back tongs and are connected with the back tongs through a guide bar; and the main tongs can reciprocate up and down along the guide bar. The high-low-speed gear shift mechanism is arranged on the main tongs; the output end of the high-low-speed gear shift mechanism is connected with a gear shift device inside the main tongs; and the high-low-speed gear shift mechanism is also connected with a hydraulic control module. The hydraulic tongs are connected with a hydraulic tongs telescopic bracket of the machine body of the well workover machine through the connecting support. The hydraulic tongs are driven by the telescopic bracket to realize automatic telescoping, thereby freeing operators from a dangerous operating environment. Automatic operation is realized for the loading/unloading of the hydraulic tongs, thereby not only reducing the labor intensity of workers, but also avoiding possible accidental injury of workers during the operation.