The invention relates to a radio frequency signal response method, a responder and a radio frequency recognition system, belonging to the radio frequency recognition technical field. The radio frequency signal response method comprises: receiving a failure command from an interrogator; judging if the value of a counter of the responder is an answer value, if it is the answer value, generating a random number in the range appointed by the failure command; judging if the generated random number is a preset value, if it is not, refreshing the value of the counter in the responder, while the refreshed value of the counter of the responder is different from the prior value of the counter in the responder queue; if it is a preset value, holding the value of the counter of the responder. The technical scheme can avoid changing the value of the counter of the responder, while the value is not the answer value, to reduce the processing load of the responder and improve the performance of the radio frequency recognition system.