The invention relates to an oil product desulfurization method based on carbon-material supported heteropoly compound, which uses H2O2 as an oxidant and the carbon-material supported heteropoly compound as a catalyst, mixes the oil product and acetonitrile in proportion, adds the mixture of the oxidant and the catalyst in proportion at certain temperature and under normal pressure, cools to the room temperature after reaction and stratifies the mixture naturally, therefore, the upper layer oil phase is the desulfurized oil product and the catalyst in the bottom layer (the acetonitrile phase) is separated for recycle by filtering. The catalyst is composed of an active component A and a carrier B, wherein A is the heteropoly compound and B the one of the active carbon and carbon nano-tube. The related oil product is composed of crude oil, fuel oil and semi-finished oil in the crude oil refining process. The preparation of the catalyst is simple, safe, innocuous and free from pollutants and the catalyst can be recycled. Compared with the traditional technology, oil product desulfurization method is simple in the process, strong in desulfurization, oxidant-saving, high in economic benefit and easy for industrial production.