The invention discloses an experiment device and an experiment method for simulating the acidification of a real oil well. The experiment device comprises a sample room, a hydraulic system, a confining pressure pump, a pressure measuring system and a residual acid liquid collecting device, wherein the sample room consists of a cylindrical outer cylinder body of which the upper side and the lower side are sealed and an inner screen cylinder which is coaxially sheathed in the outer cylinder body. The experiment method comprises the following steps: making a test sample: axially drilling a cylindrical inner core downwards in a core, and taking a core tank as the test sample; and putting the test sample into the inner screen cylinder in the sample room to carry out acidification experiment. The acidification experiment process comprises the following steps: putting the core tank into the inner screen cylinder, injecting acid liquid and salt water which are used for reaction into the core tank through the hydraulic system, and pressurizing the core tank to make the acid liquid and the salt water which are injected into the core tank infiltrate outwards from the peripheral inner wall. The device and the method are simple and reasonable in structure, simple in experiment step, simple in operation, less in consumed time and reliable experiment data and can effectively solve the problem that the prior acidification experiment instrument cannot really simulate the acidification effect of the oil well.