The invention relates to a parallel transient stability test system and a parallel transient stability test method for an electric power system in the technical field of electric power test. The system comprises an energy management system, a data interface module, a topology analysis module, a cluster analysis module, a tidal current analysis module, a dynamic database, a fault screening module, a network resource management module, a test task scheduling module, a test module unit, and a performance prediction and behavior control module. The system and the method test the transient stability problem of the electric power system through a parallelization strategy, fully consider the topological statistical property of the whole electricity grid, seamlessly combine a transient stability test tool of the electricity grid and a network communication tool from a deeper level, and greatly improve the utilization efficiency of the prior various software and hardware resources. The system and the method are applicable to high-performance test environments with the isomorphism of the software and hardware resources, and are also particularly suitable to be applied and promoted in various middle and small scale test node environments with resource isomerism, dynamic state and more changes.