The invention relates to a method for controlling and compensating an ink dropping point in an inkjet printer. The method at least comprises: a step 101, in which according to the moving speed of a word car, the jetting speed of a nozzle in the self-motion of ink drops and the distance between the nozzle and a printing medium, a graph 2 is referred and Newton's laws of kinematics is used as basisto list an equation set of horizontal projectile motion; the time ts needed for early injection is calculated; a step 102, in which according to ts, sampling time T of Kalman filtering wave is determined; according to the moving speed of a uniform speed section of the word car and the ts in the step 101, a speed curve of the word car is divided so that the sampling time of the Kalman filtering wave is more than the time of early injection; a step 103, in which according to the determined initial value of the Kalman filtering wave and the observed displacement value of the word car, one-step prediction is carried out to obtain the state variable of next time; and a step 104, in which the predicted speed value in the step 103 is utilized to carry out calculation of relevant controlled quantity; and the step returned to the step 103 for iterative prediction. The method can compensate for errors of the ink dropping point, has good precision of prediction, broadens the printing area and improves printing efficiency.