The invention relates to an underwater self-contained type measuring apparatus and a measuring control method thereof. The underwater self-contained type measuring apparatus comprises a microprocessor, a memory, a measuring transducer and a system power supply for supplying power to the system of the measuring apparatus; the memory is connected with the microprocessor; and the output end of the measuring transducer is connected with the input end of the microprocessor which is connected with a depth transducer and a wireless transmission unit that carries out wireless data transmission with aterminal processor. The measuring control method includes the steps: the depth transducer measures the data when the apparatus enters water, the microprocessor closes the power supply of a wireless data transmission module, the wireless transmission unit stops working and the measuring apparatus is in underwater sampling working state; the depth transducer measures the data when the apparatus goes out of the water, the microprocessor starts the power supply of the wireless data transmission module, and the wireless transmission unit starts working, receives or transmits data with the terminalprocessor in wireless transmission manner, and uploads measuring data or setting parameter. The apparatus and the method can avoid the abrasion of a sealing element and saves power supply and storagespace.