The invention relates to a microwave sintering method and a microwave sintering device for a self-lubricating composite material. The method comprises the following steps: covering a layer of copper powder evenly on a substrate steel plate; performing microwave presintering on the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder; heating the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder to different temperatures according to different time periods, and performing high sintering on the steel plate covered with the substrate copper powder to make the substrate steel plate and the copper powder welded and bonded together; adhering a layer of PTFE to the surface of the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder and leveling the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder; and heating the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder to different temperatures according to different time periods, and performing sintering on the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder once again to volatilize moisture and alcohol in the PTFE and perform a cross linking reaction to form a stable and reliable lubricating layer. The device consists of a vacuum chamber, an insulating board, a special sintering furnace cavity, a microwave generator, and a far-infrared thermodetector; and the special sintering furnace cavity consists of an insulating ceramic layer, a SIC wave-absorbed layer, and a thermal storage and thermal conduction ceramic layer. The method and the device can realize the microwave indirect sintering preparation of a three-layer self-lubricating composite material consisting of the substrate layer, namely the steel plate, the middle layer, namely the bronze powder, and the surface layer, namely the PTFE, and have the characteristics of quick and even heating, less floor space, short sintering time, low energy consumption, and the like.