The invention discloses a method for rapidly setting building bents on two sides of a furnace body in coke furnace masonry construction. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: preparing the bents for two sides of the furnace body in the coke furnace masonry construction before commencing masonry of the coke furnace body, wherein each bent is composed of a plurality of separate unit bents and each separate unit bent is formed by a transverse scaffold tube (5) and a vertical scaffold tube (6) which are paved on the ground of a base roof of the coke furnace at a set step distance of the process and horizontally set up to the roof at one time; then suspending all separate unit bents of each bent respectively and sequentially by two electric traveling cranes, positioning on a flue of the coke furnace side, then connecting and fixing an outer side of the bent and an upright column of a shelter by a fixing tube (2) after suspending, and connecting and fixing a lower part inside the bent and an embedded bolt on a corbel of the base proof of the coke furnace by a connecting tube (1); and integrating the separate unit bents by connection. The method has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, convenient operation, low labor intensity, high level of mechanization and the like.