Disclosed is a method for producing an aqueous fluorine-containing polymer dispersion having a reduced fluorine-containing emulsifier content, wherein a fluorine-containing emulsifier is effectively adsorbed and removed from the aqueous fluorine-containing polymer dispersion by using a weak basic anion exchange resin. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing an aqueous fluorine-containing polymer dispersion having a reduced fluorine-containing emulsifier content, wherein an organic carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) below is added into an aqueous fluorine-containing polymer dispersion containing a fluorine-containing emulsifier and then the dispersion is brought into contact with a weak basic anion exchange resin, thereby adsorbing and removing the fluorine-containing emulsifier from the dispersion. Q(CH2)m(CH(OH))nCOOH...(1) (In the formula, Q represents H, CH3 or COOH; and m and n independently represent 0 or an integer of 1-4, while satisfying 4 >= n + m>= 1.).