The invention relates to a vertical machine tool, in particular to a vertical machine tool with an emergency safety device, which comprises a main frame, an upper beam, a lower beam, a photoelectric switch, a gearbox, a polished rod and a screw rod, and the lower beam is provided with the emergency safety device. The vertical machine tool has the beneficial effects that: by arranging the emergencysafety device on the lower beam, the gearbox, the screw rod and other devices can be effectively protected, and the losses are reduced when the photoelectric switch fails due to the influences of theenvironmental heat radiation, water vapor, electromagnetic fields and other factors.