The invention provides a process for treating antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater. The process comprises the following steps that: A, pharmaceutical wastewater is subjected to precipitation separation, enters a primary biological oxidation pond, is added with yeast or mould for biochemical treatment, stays in water for 6 to 72 hours, is taken out from the water, and then is subjected to solid-liquid separation; B, the wastewater treated in a step A is oxidized, wherein oxidation conditions are as follows: the pH of the wastewater is regulated to be between 3 and 4.5; hydrogen peroxide and divalent iron reagent are added for oxidation; oxidation time is 1 to 10 hours; the molar ratio of the hydrogen peroxide H2O2 to divalent iron Fe<2+> is 1 to 50; and the hydrogen peroxide is 1 to 10 times the concentration of antibiotics in the wastewater; or the oxidation conditions are as follows: the pH of the wastewater is regulated to be between 7 and 11; ozone is supplied for oxidation; the dosage of the ozone is 30 to 120 mg/L; and the oxidation time is 1 to 10 hours; C, the wastewater treated in a step B is subjected to solid-liquid separation, enters a secondary biological oxidation pond, and then is oxidized to remove substances easy to biodegrade; and D, the wastewater treated in a step C is precipitated, and then supernatant is discharged.