An anti-seismic control design method for a building structure selects the composition form of all parts according to the application situations of a ribbed structure system, determines the input intensities for frequent earthquake, basic fortification intensity earthquake and rare earthquake, and determines the structural computation model, namely determining the equivalent elastic plate model inthe elastic stage, the rigid frame inclined compression bar model in the elasto-plastic stage and the beam-hinged frame model in the damage stage of the ribbed structure. The method considers the structural design control limit value as a random variable, utilizes a dynamical reliability theory to carry out structural design, can divide the earthquake function into a plurality of levels, can consider the variability of the structural parameters, leads the response and damage performance of the designed and built engineering structure to be within the expected range under various possible earthquake functions, ensures the safety of the life and the minimum economic loss, and carries out quantitative control design on the seismic response and damage.