The invention discloses a temperature compensation circuit used for an avalanche photodiode (APD), which comprises a high-precision temperature sensing module, an APD bias control unit and an APD optical detection module, wherein the high-precision temperature sensing module is used for converting a tube core temperature of the APD into an analog voltage signal, an input end of the high-precisiontemperature sensing module is connected with the APD optical detection module, and an output end of the high-precision temperature sensing module is connected with the APD bias control unit; the APD bias control unit is used for converting the voltage signal output by the high-precision temperature sensing module into a bias signal for controlling the APD; and the APD optical detection module is used for feeding back the tube core temperature and making the gain of the APD constant under the control of the bias signal, an input end of the APD optical detection module is connected with the APDbias control unit, and an output end of the APD optical detection module is connected with the high-precision temperature sensing module. The practical high-precision APD bias controlled temperature compensation circuit is designed by using the APD bias control unit consisting of high-voltage controllers and related auxiliary circuit modules, the constant gain working temperature range of the APDis between zero and 50 DEG C, and the gain control precision is higher than 0.5 percent.