The invention relates to a template system capable of internally erecting and detaching a mould, which comprises a pedestal, a template and a bracket thereof. The template comprises two side templates and a bottom template; the bottom template is fixed on the pedestal; the bottom template and the two side templates are moveably connected through bolts; the upper parts of the two side templates are provided with transverse pull rods; the outsides of brackets of the two side templates are provided with a plurality of transverse parallel guide rails; the lower parts of the brackets on two sides are provided with rail wheel devices matched with the guide rails; and the lower parts of the brackets of the two side templates are connected with a plurality of bracket driving devices which can drive the brackets on two sides to move on the guide rails. The template system can realize the integral erecting and detaching of the templates, reduce the time and labor force input occupied in the erecting and detaching process, improve the production efficiency and save the cost.