The invention provides a system for controlling outdoor illumination for an ultra-high voltage transformer station, which comprises a far-end illumination control device and a near-end illumination control device. The near-end illumination control device is positioned at the local transformer station and used for directly controlling an outdoor illumination system of the transformer station; and the far-end illumination control device is positioned at the far end of the transformer station and used for controlling the near-end illumination control device, wherein the near-end illumination control device directly controls the outdoor illumination system of the transformer station according to the control command sent by the far-end illumination control device. The invention also provides a method for controlling outdoor illumination for the ultra-high voltage transformer station based on the system. The system and the method can make the control mode of the outdoor illumination system of the ultra-high voltage transformer station more flexible and are also convenient for patrolling personnel to examine and repair devices.