The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical industry and discloses a cooling process of a blast furnace bosh, in particular a cooling process for combining a cooling plate and a cooling wall cooled by a blast furnace bosh. The cooling process of the blast furnace bosh mainly comprises the cooling plate and the cooling wall and is characterized in that the cooling plate is fixed at the lower part of the bosh; the cooling wall is mounted at the upper part of the cooling plate; a cooling plate brickwork is laid in a cooling plate area; ramming mass is filled between the bosh and the cooling plate brickwork; and a cooling wall inset brick is mounted on the hot surface of the cooling wall. One to ten layers of copper cooling plates are arranged at the part of the bosh shaped like the Chinese character Pin; the cooling wall is arranged on each copper cooling plate; and refractory materials with good heat conductivity and high thermal shock resistance are laid in the cooling plate area. The invention has good cooling effect, hard damage and easy maintenance, and is an ideal and practical cooling method of the current blast furnace bosh.