The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to a method and a device for efficiently controlling the temperature of a reaction kettle. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining to start heating through a key of an external keyboard; setting threshold values; obtaining current temperature through a temperature sensor and calculating a temperature deviation E; comparing the temperature deviation E with the set threshold values and a zero point; selecting a heating stage; outputting corresponding voltage according to the judge of the selected heating stage; heating; repeating the step of obtaining the current temperature through the temperature sensor and calculating the temperature deviation E; and stopping temperature regulation when the temperature deviation is smaller than 0. The invention can conveniently transmit collected parameter information to an external computer through a communication interface to analyze and calculate and has the obvious advantages of reasonable structure, convenient use, safety, accuracy, and the like.