A track testing apparatus of an indoor small-size annular asphalt pavement structure relates to a loading testing apparatus of an annular pavement structure and aims at problems that the existing pavement acceleration loading device has big size, long manufacturing and using period, high cost and complex operation. The track testing apparatus is characterized in that an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve are sheathed together; an annular bottom plate is arranged between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve and fixedly connected with the bottom end surfaces of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve; the annular bottom plate and an area enclosed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve form a circular groove; an electric motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve; an outputshaft of the electric motor is connected with a rotating joint in a transmission way; a guiding chute of the rotating joint is internally provided with a depth adjusting device which is connected with the guiding chute in a rolling way; two test cars are arranged in the circular groove; one end of a connecting framework is fixedly connected with the test cars and the other end is fixedly connected with the depth adjusting device; and two displacement meters are arranged in the circular groove. The track testing apparatus has the advantages of small size, simple structure, low cost and simpleoperation, and is applicable to the loading test on various asphalt concrete pavement.