The invention discloses a device for absorbing graphite dust, comprising a bracket. The bracket is provided with a motor (1), a speed reducer (2) and an I-beam (8). The motor (1) drives the speed reducer (2). The device is characterized in that the I-beam (8) is positioned right above a steel tube (10) made of an expanding pipe, the speed reducer (2) drives a pulley (5) to move along the I-beam (8) through a steel wire (7), the pulley (5) is fixedly connected with a dust absorbing hood (4) arranged below the pulley (5) and the dust absorbing hood (4) is connected with a draught fan (11) through a hose (9). The device ensures that the dust absorbing hood is positioned above the tail of the steel tube at any time by adopting a moving mode and effectively absorbs graphite diffused from a steel tube cavity to the outdoor at any time.