The invention discloses a combustion and explosion suppression system with automatic water curtain, comprising a sensor, a control unit, a water supplying device, a water curtain device and a fast triggering device, the sensor is electrically connected with the control unit, a connecting channel is arranged on the fast triggering device, two ends of the connecting channel are respectively communicated with the water supplying device and the water curtain device; a movable opening device is arranged on the connecting channel and is electrically connected with the control device; the water curtain device comprises at least one water curtain ring, a plurality of injection heads are uniformly arranged on the water curtain ring, and an injection water curtain is formed when in water-spraying, and a plurality of water curtain rings form one water curtain band when in water-spraying, so as to realize to suppress gas or gas dust explosion and spreading by adopting water mist in a coal mine, the reaction speed is rapid, the structure is compact and the manufacturing cost is low, thereby having good combustion an explosion suppression effect, being widely applied to industries such as coal mines, petroleum and chemical industry and powerfully promoting the development of explosion insulation (suppression) in our country.