The invention discloses a network coding method based on Turbo decoding, which belongs to the technical field of wireless communication and mainly solves the problems of limited network throughput andlow forwarding efficiency of a relay node in a wireless communication network. The invention designs a network coding method under the two conditions of adopting different Turbo codes and same Turbocodes by a source node, which comprises the following steps: simultaneously transmitting the Turbo coded information to the relay node by the two source nodes and constructing a virtual Turbo code bydesigning a Trellis figure on the source node adopting different Turbo codes and designing a virtual simplified Trellis figure on the source node adopting same Turbo codes; carrying out maximum likelihood decoding on the virtual Turbo code to obtain the network coding information of the information of the two source nodes; recoding and broadcasting the network coding information to the source nodes and obtaining the information of the counterpart source node by the two source nodes according to decoding information and local information. The invention has the advantages of high network throughput and forwarding efficiency of the relay node and can be applied to the wireless network communication.