The invention discloses a large-capacity multi-level energy-saving microalgae culturing method and a device thereof. The device comprises a plurality of culturing ponds which are communicated with each other by pipelines and are provided with circulating flow microalgae nutrient solution, and is characterized in that the culturing ponds comprise at least two layers of culturing ponds which are anupper layer and a lower layer of culturing ponds that are arranged in a staggered way; and a water pump is arranged inside the culturing pond at the lowest layer and is used for driving the microalgae nutrient solution to enter the culturing pond at the topmost layer. As the plurality of culturing ponds which are arranged in a staggered way and have different heights are adopted by the high-capacity multi-level energy-saving microalgae culturing method and the device thereof, the culturing ponds are communicated with each other by the pipelines, and the microalgae nutrient solution flows among the culturing ponds by utilizing the gravity principle, the complexity of the production technique and the operating energy consumption needed by the production technique can be reduced, and the scheme for practical application is provided.