The invention relates to a method for collecting and processing geological exploration digital images in an underground cave with a large cross section. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging a movable camera car with a vertical lifting bracket, wherein the vertical lifting bracket is provided with lighting fitting and digital photographic equipment which is connected with a computer; sequentially shooting the cave by sections and amplitudes according to steps and widths; mutually connecting collected left and right amplitude images and front and rear section images; continuously moving the movable camera car forwards by the steps until finishing shooting; and inputting the collected digital images into the computer to correct and splice the collected cave images by image-processing software in the computer. The method has accurate positioning and simple and convenient shooting process, is used for collecting images with good quality, not only can automatically controlthe shooting process of the digital photographic equipment by the aid of the computer, but also can automatically splice the images by the image-processing software, thereby effectively improving theefficiency and the quality of splicing, editing and recording the images.