The invention relates to a radial artery pulse wave based cardiovascular function assessment system comprising a pulse and blood pressure acquisition system and a computer analysis system. The pulse and blood pressure acquisition system comprises a sphygmomanometer cuff, a pulse clip, a pulse sensor and a pulse acquisition box. The computer analysis system comprises a computer system, analysis software, a printer and a power source. By using the system, users can obtain the index values for reflecting the cardiovascular health conditions, specific cardiovascular health conditions and intervention measures corresponding to the specific cardiovascular health conditions. In the system, when the pulse wave related data are acquired, the pulse clip is used for fixing the pulse sensor and the degree of tightness of the pulse clip is adjusted by a control chip according to the strength of the pulse signals, thus enabling data acquisition to be more rapid and accurate. When the blood pressure related data are acquired, automatic and uniform aeration can be realized, and acquisition is carried in the aeration stage, thus accelerating the speed of data acquisition. In addition, a special power system is used for supplying power to the pulse and blood pressure acquisition system, thus ensuring the safety of users.