A gear driving machine used in vertical lifting equipment comprises a motor, a traction sheave, a braking device, a turning gear, a gearwheel for variable transmission, a pinion for variable transmission and a support frame. The gear driving machine is characterized in that the gearwheel for variable transmission is integrated with the traction sheave, the gearwheel can be directly used for turning operation, and the rotating speed of the motor is greater than that of the traction sheave through the variable transmission. The gear driving machine has the advantages of high rotating speed of the driving motor, high power density, high efficiency and power factor, energy conservation, compact structure, small volume and light weight; the shaft end of the motor does not bear a cage, heavy overhung load and lower mechanical strength of a motor shell and a shaft; the required braking force is small, and the cost of a brake is low; and the gear driving machine can also be driven by a plurality of motors together. The gear driving machine is applicable in an elevator system without a machineless room or with a small machine room in a ratio of 1:1 or 2:1 and in household stairs of a drum-type structure.