The invention discloses a full-adaptive high-voltage switch controller based on light-coupled control, belonging to control equipment of a high-voltage substation. The switch controller is connected with the operating mechanism of a high-voltage circuit breaker, and is composed of a tripping/switching retaining circuit and a position monitoring circuit. Optical couplers arranged in a switching retaining circuit, a tripping retaining circuit, a tripping position monitoring circuit and a switching position monitoring circuit. One end of each optical coupler luminous component is connected with the operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the other end is connected with the positive pole of a power supply by a position indicating lamp or the normally open contact of a relay, and the contact conductive parts of the optical couplers are connected on the input end of each circuit relay. The controller fully utilizes the characteristics of sensitivity and smaller conductive current of the optical couplers to realize the control of small current on high power devices and the control of various tripping/switching operating mechanisms of which the full adaptive tripping/switching retaining current ranges from 10mA to 15mA on the circuit breaker, thereby greatly improving the safety and reliability of substation protective relaying equipment and an intelligent operating box, relieving the potential safety hazard of the substation, and being applicable to railway and other control systems.