The present invention discloses a method for overlaying a SiCp/Al composite material coating by melting pole inert-gas protective arc welding, which relates to a method for preparing a surface coating of a particulate reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The invention solves the problems of easy cracking and stripping of a coating layer and high cost of the current aluminum alloy surface laser melting coating. The SiCp/Al composite material coating is overlaid on the surface of aluminum alloy by adopting melting pole inert-gas protective arc welding. The melting coating has high bonding strength with the aluminum alloy, thereby preventing cracking and stripping. The method has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency.