The invention discloses a short-injection water injection well acidation injectivity process for petroleum industry, which is applied to a short-injection water injection well, improves the acidation effect and improves the water injection success rate. The process comprises the following steps: a prepose acid liquor soaking oil layer is inputted; the well is backwashed at high flow rate so as to discharge the prepose acid liquor; main acid is squeezed in; the well is backwashed by water mixed with gas, the back pressure on the bottom of the well is reduced, the ground layer is induced to flow, and the deep stoppage reactant can be discharged under the effect of the strata pressure. The prepose acid liquor is discharged through the repeated washing of the well, so the effect of the main acid is adequately played, the secondary pollution of the oil layer can be prevented, the deep acidation can be realized, the injectivity valid period is prolonged, the measure success rate is improved, and the recovery rate of the low-permeability reservoir can be improved. The effect of the used acid can be effectively played, the underground tube pile can be free from damaged, the consumption of the main acid can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the construction effect, and the production cost can be saved.