The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for adjusting the working performance of optical communication equipment. In the method, the device and the system, performance adjustment information can be generated according to forward error correction information generated by a receiving-side decoder and is fed back to a receiving-side converter; and the receiving-side converter adjusts the working performance per se according to the received performance adjustment information. Under the condition that the working performance of the receiving-side converter is improved, the bit error rate of data transmitted to the receiving-side decoder is reduced and finally the working performance of the receiving-side converter is adjusted to be optimal by a feedback loop, so that the bit error rate of the data received by the receiving-side decoder can be maximally reduced to further fulfill the aim of improving the performance of the system. Therefore, the method, the device and the system can solve problems of degradation of the conventional receiving-side processing performance, overall system gain reduction and the like.