The invention relates to a method for removing magnesium oxide dust in oriented silicon steel production, which comprises the following steps: introducing high-pressure air from high-pressure blowpipes, observing the working condition through an observation port, adjusting the opening widths and angles of adjustable nozzles of two pairs of blowpipes, spraying the dust to the upper and lower surfaces of a silicon steel belt positioned at the central line of a closed cover in a mode of opposite blow and inclined angle, and striping the magnesium oxide dust collection on the silicon steel belt under the actions of blowing and beating of the airflow; pumping away the dust stripped by the high-pressure airflow and the lifted dust-containing air by using an exhaust port of an exhaust pipe through a middle exhaust cavity of the exhaust pipe; and feeding the pumped dust-containing airflow to a dust removing and purifying facility through a pipe system, separating the magnesium oxide dust collection, and exhausting the clean air into the atmosphere. The method for stripping the magnesium oxide dust collection attached to the surface of a silicon steel plate under the blowing action of high-pressure and high-speed airflow has the advantages of good application effect, good environmentally-friendly performance, high reliability and the like.