The invention discloses a guy cable rod type one-dimensional stretching arm, which mainly has the following three forms: a thin-wall tubular stretching arm, a disc pressure lever type stretching arm and a hinge bar type stretching arm. The guy cable rod type one-dimensional stretching arm consists of a set of stretching mechanism; the stretching mechanism consists of four hollow support rods (4) and two rigid frameworks (5); an expanding guy cable (10) is connected with a turnover conical sleeve (23) fixed at the corner of the rigid framework (5) through the hollowness of the support rods (4); an expanding roller (15) is connected with an expanding motor (16); a furling guy cable (6) passes through diagonal pores of the rigid framework (5) respectively, and one end of the furling guy cable is fixed on a stretching arm seat, while the other end is fixed on a furling roller (1); two anti-rotating rods (13) are fixed on the rigid framework at the topmost layer; a linear bearing (12) is arranged at the corresponding position on every one layer of rigid framework; and the expanding motor (16) and a furling motor (3) are torque motors. The guy cable rod type one-dimensional stretching arm is a spatial rod-shaped stretching arm in the field of spaceflight.