The invention discloses a fast afforestation method of tamarix chinensis at the coastal saline-alkali soil. The fast afforestation method comprises the following steps of: planting one or a plurality of tamarix chinensis provenance forest belts which are vertical to the prevailing wind direction on the afforestation land and carrying out site preparation at a wind-power planting area on the downwind direction of the tamarix chinensis provenance forest belt by utilizing the characteristics of ultrastrong salinity-alkalinity resistance, small seeds, strong germination capacity, easy survival, irregularly-scheduled flowering, and the like of Tamarixps; and naturally planting and seedling at the wind-power planting area by means of the propagation of tamarix chinensis seeds by wind power, andaccelerating the forest establishment by adopting field management measures. The surface scale afforestation of the tamarix chinensis is carried out on the coastal saline-alkali soil to form a fast afforestation technology of the tamarix chinensis at the coastal saline-alkali soil; and the fast afforestation method is simple, fast and economic, can provide a great deal of seedlings and is used for afforestation at other places.