The invention relates to a high capacity and Coulomb-efficiency lithium-ion capacitance battery anode system, belonging to the field of electrochemistry. The lithium-ion capacitance battery anode material comprises graphite-base anode material and activated carbon, and the electrolyte solution comprises ionic liquid and lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt is LiPF6 or LiN(CF3SO2)2, and the ionic liquid is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide salt or N-methyl, propyl piperidinium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide which is used as solvent. The organic solvent of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or ethyl methyl carbonate can be added into the electrolyte solution to be used as the functional additive. The capacity and the Coulomb efficiency of the lithium-ion capacitance battery anode material can be markedly improved in the electrolyte solution.