The invention discloses a self-carrying barrier-breaking and foundation-reinforcing device of a shield machine. The device comprises a cutter, a soil storehouse and other components, wherein the soil storehouse is positioned between the cutter and a cutter driving mechanism, and the cutter driving mechanism is connected with the cutter and controls the cutter to rotate; the soil storehouse, the cutter driving mechanism, a pedestrian bin, a first drilling machine, a second drilling machine, an assembling machine and a screw machine are positioned inside a shield outer shell, wherein the first drilling machine and the second drilling machine are respectively positioned at one side of the screw machine; a frame connecting bridge is fixed at one end of the screw machine, and the assembling machine and the second drilling machine are connected in a rotated way; a thrust cylinder is positioned between the screw machine and the shield outer shell; a spherical hinge is positioned at one side of a connecting bolt; a guide tube, a ball valve, a pipe joint and a control valve group are positioned on the same line, wherein the guide tube and the pipe joint are respectively positioned at two sides of the ball valve, and the pipe joint and the second drilling machine are fixedly connected. The invention ensures that the shield machine propels normally by breaking front barriers and reinforcement is carried out by spraying slurry towards the excavation face in front of the shield and the periphery of the shield.