The invention relates to a Chinese medicinal composition for treating dry cough. The composition is prepared from the following raw material medicaments by weight: 10 to 20g of dried rhizome of rehmannia, 10 to 20g of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10 to 20g of radix scrophulariae, 5 to 15g of balloonflower root, 3 to 9g of liquorice, 3 to 9g tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, 5 to 15g of mulberry leaves, 5 to 15g of cicada slough, 5 to 15g of stemona tuber, 10 to 20g of weeping forsythia, 5 to 15g of blackberrylily rhizome, 10 to 20g of white mulberry-root bark, 15 to 25g of shizandra berry, 10 to 20g of smoked plum, 10 to 20g of Chinese gall, 10 to 20g of dwarf lilyturf tuber, and 10 to 20g of honeyed loguat leaves. The Chinese medicinal composition has readily available raw materials, and the decoction is prepared according to the conventional traditional Chinese medicine decoction method and is taken twice a day. The Chinese medicinal composition has the advantages of complete treatment effect on dry cough, relapse prevention after treatment, and no side effect after the composition is taken by patients.