The invention discloses an expansion method of short message service calling number information, which is based on a system comprising an address list database, a telephone number attribution database, a short message storage database, a short message service distinguishing rule base, a short message service recognition and configuration module, a short message service treatment module and a short message display module, wherein a mobile device comprises the address list database used for storing contact information in the mobile device, the telephone number attribution database used for storing address information corresponding to a telephone number, the short message storage database used for storing received short message service calling number information and other short messages, theshort message service distinguishing rule base used for storing user configuration information which distinguishes whether a received short message is in a short message service type or not and the short message service recognition and configuration module used for configuring and recognizing whether the short message is in the short message service type or not and storing and configuring the short message into the short message service distinguishing rule base. The invention enables a user to faster know about the owner information of a missed call and know about which region the missed callis from.