The invention relates to a bottom control type sample filtering container consisting of a sealing plug, a cup cover, a cup body, a piston rod, a piston, a clutch spring, a drainage needle and a bottom cover. The piston rod is arranged in an intermediate hole at the bottom of the cup body, the piston is tightly sleeved on the bulge of the piston rod, the drainage needle is connected and fixed at the lower end of the piston rod through a screw thread, one end of the clutch spring is connected with the bottom of the cup body, and the other end is connected with a drainage needle flange. The bottom control type sample filtering container is characterized by being also provided with a double-layer filter system consisting of a first layer of filter screen and a second layer of filter screen, and the shaft of the first layer of filter screen penetrates through the intermediate hole of the second layer of filter screen and is fixed in the top hole of the piston rod. The invention has the advantages that sanitation is ensured, the sealing is good, and liquid in the container can be filtered in several times as required.