The invention discloses a method for treating sulfur- and hydrocarbon-containing foul waste gas. The waste gas enters a heat exchanger for cooling, condensed water is separated, the cooled waste gas enters an absorption tower to be absorbed by an absorbent distillate, a fresh absorbent exchanges heat with a rich absorbent discharged by the absorption tower and then is cooled by a cooling system, and the cooled absorbent enters the absorption tower; and the waste gas subjected to absorptive purification enters an adsorption tower for adsorptive purification, the adsorption tower is segmentallyfilled and respectively filled with silica gel adsorbents and activated carbon adsorbents, and heat exchangers are arranged among the adsorbents in each segment. The method can thoroughly purify the sulfur- and hydrocarbon-containing foul waste gas discharged by chemical engineering storage tanks, refining devices and the like, and has the advantages of simple treatment process and no potential safety hazard.