The invention discloses a networking method of an Internet of things based on a broadcast television network. The Internet of things comprises heterogeneous nodes and is networked according to the following mode: the heterogeneous nodes in the Internet of things are divided into multiple layers according to energy consumption characteristics, and the broadcast television network is used as the backbone network of the Internet of things. The invention also provides a routing method based on the Internet of things. By the layered design with the energy consumption characteristics based on the heterogeneous nodes in the Internet of things, the invention meets the requirement of geometric progression increase of the scale of the heterogeneous nodes in the Internet of things; and by using the broadcast television network as the backbone network, the advantages of coverage and transmission of the broadcast television network are fully utilized, thereby realizing the balance between the requirements of high reliability and low power consumption of routing of the Internet of things.