The invention relates to a method for preparing a ZnAl alloy lining composite pressure vessel by adopting electric arc spraying, belonging to the field of materials. The invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional composite pressure vessel is overweight. The method comprises the following steps of: 1. preparing a carbon-fiber-wound composite winding layer doped with epoxy resin on a core mold fitting with the shape of the pressure vessel; 2. preparing a resin transition layer doped with metal powders on the inner wall of the carbon-fiber-wound composite winding layer; 3. solidifying the prepared fiber winding layer and the resin transition layer doped with the metal powders; and 4. preparing a pressure vessel lining layer on the inner wall of the solidified resin transition layer by adopting an electric arc spraying mode. The method is used for preparing the pressure vessel with light weight.