The invention relates to an elevator protection device comprising a safety belt, a linked transmission device and a control device, wherein the safety belt is transversally arranged, and slidably and transversely fixed in a hoistway or at both sides of an outer hall door or the two sides of the inner hall door through the linked transmission device and is controlled by the control device to return to a protection height position or separate from the protection height position; and when workers who working aloft or other workers accidentally fall into the hoistway because the hall door is accidentally opened, the safety belt can urgently hitch the falling workers or be grabbed by the falling workers.