The invention discloses an aging thermal treating process of a heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy, which comprises the steps of: carrying out solution treatment on the heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy to be thermally treated, discharging and rapidly water-quenching, and then placing into a stress-electric field-temperature multiple external field aging thermal treating device for aging, wherein the aging temperature is 23-270 DEG C, the stress is 50-150MPa, the strength of the electric field is 10-200kV/cm and the time is 7-15h. The heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy is an Al-Cu-Mg alloy, an Al-Mg-Si alloy, an Al-Zn-Mg alloy and an Al-Li alloy. The invention can solve the difficulties of thicker precipitation phase, chain-distributed grain boundary precipitated phase, wider no-precipitation out band and prolonged fatigue life of aging with a single temperature field during the manual aging of the heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy.